Rust-proofing process



E. P. ANDREWS. RUST PROOFING PROCESS.

APPLICATION FILED DEC,22 I919; Y 1,362,213, v PatentedDec. 14, 1920.

2 SHEETSSHEEI I.

E. P. ANDREWS. RUST PRQOFING PROCESS.

APPLICATION FILED DECAZZ, I919. 1 ,362,21 3, r Patented Dec. 14, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHtEl 2.

J1 Ll/ IT ERNEST P. ANDREWS, 013 DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

RUST-PROOFING PROCESS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec 14 192() Application filed December 22, 1919. serial No. 346,611.

T 0 all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, ERNEST P. ANDREWS, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Detroit, county of Wayne, State of Michigan, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Rust-Proofing Processes, and declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to a process for rustproofing metal and an object of my improvements is to treat articles of ferrous metal so that they shall be permanently rust proof and shall have a surface of permanent and desirable physical qualities.

1 secure this result by the process hereinafter describedand by the use of the apparatus shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- 7 Figure 1 is an elevation of an apparatus used in the process of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a planview of the same.

Fig. 3 is a detached view showing a finishing step in the process.

Fig. 4 is an elevation,'mostly in section, of a mixing nozzle used in the process hereinafter described.

Fig. 5 is a section on the line VV of Fig. 2.

In the process constituting my invention, moisture and gases are excluded from the pores or interstices of the article to be rustproofed, the article being first cleaned by dipping in oil, then being )assed into and through a furnace in which is maintained an oxidizing atmosphereat a temperature approximating 650 degrees centigrade, thus forming a coating of magnetic oxid over the surface of the article. Immediately upon issuing from the furnace the article is immersed in cotton-seed oil. This renders the coating permanent or fixed. Cotton seed oil produces the best results known to me, but whale oil may be used and it is probable that other oils may be found which will also serve the purpose. It isthen withdrawn and partly cleaned by placing in saw-dust. It is then further cleaned by directing upon it a jet of air issuing from a nozzle at approximately 75 pounds pressure above atmosphere. The action of the air also tends to make the coating of magnetic oxid over Referring to the accompanying drawing,

a, is a dipping or cleaning tank, a is a dip ping platform, weight balanced, which may e of any convenient construction. bis a table and c is the furnace. The furnace c is provided with a chamber 0 through which the articles are passed and this chamber has vent pipes c for the discharge of the products of combustion.

m is a pyrometer for observing the temperature in the chamber 0 so that it may be kept at the desired point.

0 c are subchannels or chambers communicating throughout their length with the chamber 0 c 0 0 c are mixing nozzles. These nozzles extend through the wall of the furnace 0 into the channels 0 in a horizontal plane at an angle of 45 degrees pointing in the direction of motion of the articles passing through the furnace.

indicates the pipes by which gas and air under pressure are supplied to the mixers 0 The mixed gas and air being thrown in at the angle desired draws a quantity of air through the door of the furnace and dilutes the products of combustion so that a proper oxidizing atmosphere is kept in the chamber 0 as well as the proper temperature.

7c is a table for receiving the articles after they have come from the furnace 0. (Z is a tankcontaining cotton-seed oil and d is a dipping platform similar to M. The articles are placed upon the platform d immediately upon issuing from the furnace c and while hot are immersed in oil in the reservoir d. The dipping operation is repeated six or eight times.

The articles are then, while hot, placed in the receiver 6 in which is a quantity of sawdust and the superfluous oil upon their surfaceis absorbed by the saw-dust.

The articles are then subjected to a blast of air to clean off the saw-dust and cool them rapidly, which air may issue from a tank 1 (Fig. 3) in which there is a pressure of 75 pounds, through a nozzle 9 of ordinary con- I struction and be directed upon the article j in the usual way.

The articles are subjected to the heat and the atmosphere of the furnace for about 20 minutes, more or less, depending on the nature of the article.

The articles j are preferably placed upon a table it which is first placed upon the platform a is then carried to the table I) and from there'moved into and through the furnace c and on to the table 76 and through the process as above described.

Articles treated by the above process are rust-proof at and below the surface and have a surface like polished ebony.

What I claim is:

1. The process of rust-proofing an article consisting in subjecting it for a sufficient period of time to an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature of about 650 degrees centigrade to form a coating of magnetic oxid over the same and immediately dipping it in a medium for fixing the oxid.

.2. The process of rust-proofing an article consisting in subjecting it for a sufficient period of time to an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature of about 650 degrees centigrade to form a coating of magnetic oxid over the surface of the same, immediately dipping it in a medium for fixing the oxid and then subjecting the article to an air blast issuing under pressure.

3. The process of rustpr0ofing iron, consisting in supplying a stream of a gas-excluding oil to said article when subjected to a forming tool at the point of application of said tool and then forminga rustproofing surface on said article.

4. The process of rust-proofing an iron article, consisting in subjecting it at the point of application of a forming tool to the application of a gas-excluding liquid when being formed, then subjecting it to an oxidizing atmosphere at approximately 650 degrees centigrade whereby a coating of magnetic oxid is formed.

The process of rust-proofing an iron articlc, consisting in subjecting it at the point of application of a forming tool to the application of a gas-excluding oil when being formed, then subjecting it to an oxidizing atmosphere at approximately 650 degrees magma centigrade to form a coating of magnetic oxid over the surface of the same and immediately dipping said article, while still hot,

in an oxid-fixlng 011.

6. The process of rust-proofing a ferrous metal, consisting in excluding moisture and gases from its interstices, subjecting said metal to an oxidizing atmosphere at a suflicient temperature to form a coating of magnetic oxid over the surface of the same and immediately dipping the same in a medium for fixing the oxid.

7. The process of rust-proofing a ferrous metal, consisting in excluding moisture and gases from its interstices, subjecting said metal to an oxidizing atmosphere at a sufficient temperature to form a coating of mag netic oxid over the surface of the same and immediately dipping the same in cottom seed oil to fix the coating.

8. In the process of rust-proofing iron articles, consisting in passing said articles through a furnace which is supplied with a jet of combustible gas so directed into the furnace as to draw an additional supply of air into the furnace whereby a coating of magnetic oxid is formed.

9. The process of rust-proofing a ferrous metal, consisting in excluding moisture and gases from its interstices, subjecting said metal to an oxidizing atmosphere at a sufficient temperature to form a coating of magnetic oxid over the surface of the same and immediately dipping the same in a medium for fixing the oxid and subjecting the same to an air blast while still hot.

10. The process of rust-proofing an article consisting of subjecting it for a sufficient period of time to an oxidizing atmosphere at a proper temperature to form a coating of magnetic oxid over the surface of the same and dipping it while still hot in a medium for fixing the oxid.

11. The process of rust-proofing an article consisting in subjecting it for a sulficient period of time to an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature of about 650 degrees centigrade to form a coating of magnetic oxid over the same' and immediately dip ping it in oil for fixing the oxid.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification.

ERNEST P. ANDREWS. 

